Mary Emeline Alverson Brace (1846–1930) Attended a Women's Rights Convention in 1948 at the Unitarian Church, Victor, NY with other "prominent and respectable" community women. If you know more about her, you can help us tell her story. Please use our Add a Suffragist form to submit your information. Boughton Hill Cemetery Old Ground, Section B, Row 2, Lot 17, Grave 4 1518 NY-444, Victor, NY 14564 Ontario County Learn More

Crystal Catherine Eastman (1881–1928) Crystal began her reform work by improving labor conditions. She drafted a workers’ compensation law, the first of its kind in the country, requiring employers to cover costs for injuries endured on the job. Several states passed workers’ compensation laws based on Crystal’s model in response to public outcry following the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire. In 1912, Crystal spearheaded a state suffrage campaign in Wisconsin. Its failure convinced her that the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA)’s state-by-state strategy was too slow, and in 1913 she joined Alice Paul and Lucy Burns to found the Congressional Union (later the National Woman’s Party) to press for a suffrage amendment to the constitution. A committed peace activist, Crystal founded the Woman’s Peace Party (WWP, later the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom) with colleagues Jane Addams and Lillian Wald in 1915. Eastman also contributed to the founding of the the National Civil Liberties Bureau, to protect the rights of conscientious objectors to military service. This organization would become the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU). Crystal delivered her classic speech “Now We Can Begin” in 1920, following the ratification of the 19th Amendment. She called for equal pay for women workers and an end to employment descrimination; to that end, she co-authored the Equal Rights Amendment with Alice Paul. She argued that women could never be equal without equality in the home, and advocated for women to be able to control if and when they had children, and to have domestic labor recognized, compensated, and shared with men. Valuation and control of reproductive labor and an end to gendered divisions of labor in the household would become central to the second-wave feminist movement. Woodlawn Cemetery Section: 5 Lot: 207 NP 130 N Pearl Street, Canandaigua, NY 14424 Ontario County Learn More

Harriett Newell Austin, MD (1829–1891) Harriett graduated from Mary Gove Nichols American Hydropathic Institute in 1851. Because mainstream medical schools did not admit women, she and the other women physicians of the era had to seek training at such irregular institutions. Harriett and her contemporaries saw the water cure as the basis for a larger reform movement. They were attempting to expand the role of women in society and improve their status in the public sphere by bolstering their health, through hygienic regimens and reformed modes of dress that minimized restriction of movement for women. At Our Home, female patients wore an American costume that Austin designed: a tunic or shortened dress, with hem landing at the knee, worn over loose pants. It was called American costume as a rhetorical contrast with the fashionable, restrictive French costume that the dress reform movement sought to eradicate. The garments were designed to minimize restrictions on women's movement and promote health and hygiene. Green Mountain Cemetery Jackson lot 10071 Greenmount Avenue, Dansville, NY 14437 Livingston County Learn More

Martha Matilda Harper (1857–1950) Martha was born in Canada and immigrated to the US as a domestic servant. Though not well educated and without wealth, Martha became a successful entrepreneur and created the first business franchise system in the United States. With a "secret" hair tonic recipe she most likely obtained from her late Canadian employer, a doctor and herbalist, Martha opened the Harper Method Shop in the Powers Building in downtown Rochester. Susan B. Anthony was a customer of Harper's. Susan B. Anthony was known to praise Martha as an example of women's success in business. Martha offered her beauty shop model to help poor women rise up and become entrepreneurs. In time, there were 350 sites worldwide, including hair dressing schools, laboratories, factories for hair products and make up, as well as hair salons. Both Calvin Coolidge and Woodrow Wilson were customers. In the 1920s, Martha married James McBain and joined in a partnership with him. Martha retained the name of her business and her position as president. In the 1940s, Martha was a generous donor to the Susan B. Anthony House project. Riverside Cemetery ​ 2650 Lake Avenue, Rochester, NY 14612 Monroe County Learn More

Catherine (Kate) Swift Thompson (1842–1925) Catherine ("Kate") was inspired by Lillie D. Blake calling on women to organize for the suffrage cause. Kate served as the first secretary of the Chautauqua County Political Equity Club; the first such organization in New York State. She went on to serve as the treasurer of the New York State Suffrage Association from 1895-1897. Kate’s husband Norman R Thompson was an educator, school superintendent and held office in Jamestown. By 1900, the couple became residents of Albany where he held a government job. Kate does not have an occupation noted but it is easy to imagine she would be active in this cause during this time. Lake View Cemetery ​ 907 Lakeview Ave, Jamestown, NY 14701 Chautauqua County Learn More

Sarah Read Adamson Dolley, MD (1829–1909) Dr. Sarah was a woman of rare distinction. In 1847, one year prior to the first Woman’s Rights convention in Seneca Falls, she was already breaking gender barriers. In that year, she began her studies for a medical degree at Central Medical College in Syracuse, NY. She became the second woman in America to become a doctor and the first woman to complete a hospital internship. After graduation, she became Rochester’s first female physician. It was there that she became friends with Susan B. Anthony. When Susan voted illegally in the 1872 federal election, Sarah and 13 other women voted illegally alongside her. In 1881, Dr. Sarah was president of the “Ignorance Club," a group of prominent women who met to learn about issues of interest to them. More than just a social club, these women intended to learn about and agitate for social reform on important matters. They advocated for inclusion of women on the boards of Rochester’s schools and the Western New York House of Refuge. They also sought the appointment of a woman as matron for the Rochester City Jail. These reforms were enacted due to their efforts. In 1893, Dr. Sarah became a founding member of the Women’s Educational and Industrial Union, an organization whose mission was to address women’s unique needs for better working conditions in factories, job training, education, nutritional support, and legal advocacy. That organization is still active today and is known as the Rochester Legal Aid Society. Mount Hope Cemetery Section I, Lot 107 1133 Mount Hope Avenue, Rochester, NY 14620 Monroe County Learn More

Catherine Mary Douge Hicks Williams (1832-1884) Catherine Mary was born in Albany, NY to activist parents, Susan and Michael Douge, who were dedicated to improving the status for the African Americans in their community. Catherine, also referred to as Mary, followed their example. After completing her education, she taught at the Wilburforce School for African American children. At a young age Mary lost her husband (Henry Hicks) and first child to illnesses. She herself contracted tuberculosis but continued to serve others. After the Civil War she spent several years teaching formerly enslaved adults and children in Virginia and South Carolina. Returning to Albany, Mary, now remarried to Andrew Williams, became involved in the suffrage movement. When NY passed the School Suffrage Law in 1880, she and her mother worked to have women of color register to vote. They proudly voted in the school commissioner election in April of that year. Mary was elected Vice President of the Albany Woman Suffrage Society. It was one of the few organizations that did not separate women of color from white. Mary addressed the statewide Woman Suffrage Convention in October, 1881. Her contributions to equality and social justice were noted in her obituary. Mary is included (under the name C. Mary Williams) in the 1998 book "Refusing Ignorance; The Struggle to Educate Black Children in Albany, New York 1816-1873" by Marian I. Hughes. Albany Rural Cemetery Sec. 99 Lot 3 123-125 Menand Road, Menands, NY 12211 Albany County Learn More

Martha Tiffany Henderson (1839–1903) Few records exist of Martha's contribution to suffrage, though she served in various leadership positions including Vice-President-at-Large at the 1891 Convention in Auburn, NY and was a program organizer at the Chicago Columbian Exhibition 1893 Women's Pavilion. If you know more about her, you can help us tell her story. Please use our Add a Suffragist form to submit your information. Lake View Cemetery Section FOA, Lot 20, Row WT, Grave 2NE 907 Lakeview Avenue, Jamestown, NY 14701 Chautauqua County Learn More

Caroline (Carrie) Gilkey Rogers (1837–1899) Caroline often hosted suffrage meetings at her home, including prominent suffragists like Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Mary Seymour Howell, and others. Her home was nicknamed the “Equal Rights Hotel” because of the warm and generous hospitality of Caroline and her husband. Mrs. Rogers was a good orator and was an active member of the women's suffrage movement in the 19th century. She often participated in debates on women's suffrage and was very critical of the fact that ignorant and illiterate men were making laws for women. Caroline became the Corresponding Secretary of the Political Equality Club of Albany and worked tirelessly for the political freedom of women. She attended and addressed state and national suffrage conventions. In 1885 Caroline visited the polling place in the fourth election district of Lansingburg and attempted to vote by making Constitutional arguments to the polling inspectors as to why they should accept her vote. Though her name had been previously registered, Caroline's vote was refused. *courtesy alexanderstreet.com Oakwood Cemetery Section D, Lot 211, Grave 12 50 101st Street, Troy, NY 12180 Rensselaer County Learn More

Marion I. (Dot) Parkhurst (1885–1975) Born in Plattsburgh, NY, Marian Inman Parkhurst, always known as “Dot,” appears in the Clinton County Suffrage History in early 1914 as corresponding secretary of the Clinton County Equal Suffrage Club. Her role in the movement was, among other things, to provide articles for the Plattsburgh Daily Press. These articles attacked the anti-suffragists and drew attention to the writings of the famous Alice Duer Miller and included Miller’s piece on "Why women should not travel on trains." In October of the 1915, Dot marched as a star in the “living flag” during the suffragist parade in New York City. In December of 1915, she and longtime County suffrage supporter Helen Boomhower attended the annual convention of the New York State Women’s Suffrage Association. Dot went on to become the first female head of the Balance of Supply Division for the War Department in Washington. In 1918 she was involved with the Women’s Division of the Republican National Committee. In 1920 she toured abroad studying economic conditions of women and returned to become a Washington lobbyist for the Bill for Education and Child Labor. In 1924 she was President of the New York State Women’s Federated Clubs, Congressional secretary for the National Committee for a Department of Education, and Congressional secretary for the League of Women Voters. An admirer of Carrie Chapman Catt, Dot was known to quote one of Catt’s favorite slogans, “And I wouldn’t subscribe to that." Later Dot’s niece Bea remembered that shortly after World War I, she and Aunt Dot attended a Thanksgiving dinner at Catt’s New Rochelle home where many of the leading feminists were present. Catt later came to Plattsburgh to appoint her Marian ("Dot") as President of the Clinton County League of Women Voters. Riverside Cemetery ​ 30 Steltzer Road, Plattsburgh, NY 12901 Clinton County Learn More

Beulah Bailey Thull (1891–1975) Beulah campaigned for women's suffrage and later was a member of the Democratic State Committee. She was a founding member of the League of Women Voters of New York State, and was the first President of the League of Women Voters of Rensselaer County. Oakwood Cemetery Section U1 50 101st Street, Troy, NY 12182 Rensselaer County Learn More

Minnie G. Brown (1872–1956) During her time as the lead soprano soloist at St. Mark's M.E. church, Minnie was dubbed the "human mockingbird." The Empire State Federation (Suffragist) Member sang "By The Waters of Babylon" to eulogize the death of Harriet Tubman. Minnie founded the Musical School Settlement for Colored Children in Harlem and helped organize black musicians, serving as the president of the local musicians' branch of the National Association of Negro Musicians. Maple Grove New Cemetery (also known as New Maple Grove Cemetery) ​ 210 Main Street, Hoosick Falls, NY 12090 Rensselaer County Learn More

Emeline Smith Hicks (1816–1903) As a member of the Rensselaer County Woman’s Christian Temperance Union, Emeline Hicks took on several leadership roles and served as president of her local Lansingburgh union. Her temperance work connected her to the suffrage movement with many activists devoted to both issues, and Emeline is listed as president of the New York Woman Suffrage Association’s Lansingburgh club in a report dated 1894. In 1896, as a widow in her 80s, Emeline lacked the resources to make a monetary contribution, so she chose to sew a quilt and donate it to the association. She requested that the quilt be given directly to Susan B. Anthony to help raise money for the cause. In the letter that accompanied the quilt, Emeline wrote: “I hope that showers of blessings may rest upon the quilt in its meanderings to and fro, and that it bless you with a handsome sum for helping lift the burden from the State Suffrage association. When its meanderings are over, and it is nestled quietly in its own home, I would like to know the result.” June 13, 1903 Th[e] Matron of the Home for the Friendless, Lansingburg, N.Y. Dear Friend,– I had a letter addressed to Mrs. Emeline S. Hicks returned to me today saying she was dead. I send it to you that you may see that I always thought a great deal of her. She was faithful to the cause of Woman Suffrage. She frequently wrote me letters, and a few years ago made a quilt that was struck off for $60 or $70, to help the cause. If you would write a word with regard to her I would be greatly obliged to you. Sincerely Yours, Susan B. Anthony Oakwood Cemetery Section F, Lot 142, Grave 2 50 101st Street, Troy, NY, 12182 Rensselaer County Learn More

Clara Loew Neymann (1840–1931) Clara was a prominent member of the German reform community in the United States. She spoke at the first convention of the Deutscher Frauenstimmrechtsverein in New York in 1872, which had been established with the help of her sister-in-law, Mathilde Neymann Wendt. In 1882, Clara was a speaker at the Suffrage Convention for New York State Women. That same year, she traveled with Susan B. Anthony to Nebraska to support the Nebraska Woman Suffrage Society's campaign. Clara aided in uniting large numbers of new immigrants who could be reached in the German language. While the German-American women's rights movement operated parallel and, at times, in opposition to the larger US movement, Clara frequently served as a messenger between the groups. Green-Wood Cemetery Lot 24565, Section 202 500 25th Street, Brooklyn, NY 11232 Kings County Learn More

Maud Malone (1873–1951) Maud was an ardent believer in equal rights and is best known for her aggressive campaign tactics. In 1905, she organized the Harlem Equal Rights League. She believed in interrupting speakers by yelling “what about votes for women?” At one point, Maud was arrested and spent a night in jail for heckling President Woodrow Wilson during one of his speeches. She also advocated for provocative street corner speeches, which others rejected as inappropriate. Maud was a member of the Progressive Woman Suffrage Union, but resigned over their unwillingness to embrace members from all races, colors, or creeds. Maud Malone worked for the New York Public Library and was a founding member and spokesperson of the Library Employees' Union. Her ongoing advocacy for “equal pay for equal work” irritated the public library management, so they dismissed her from her job. Later in life she worked as librarian for the newspaper The Daily Worker. Calvary Cemetery ​ 49-02 Laurel Hill Boulevard, Woodside, NY 11377-7396 Queens County Learn More

Edith Wheeler Johnson (1878–1956) Little is documented about Edith's suffrage activities beyond being involved in the Bristol Woman's Club, where she was one of the speakers who spoke on the topic of suffrage. If you know more about her, you can help us tell her story. Please use our Add a Suffragist form to submit your information. Evergreen Cemetery AKA Baptist Hill Cemetery ​ 3812 Co Road 2, Bloomfield, NY 14469 Ontario County Learn More

Katherine Lincoln Brougham (1893–1969) Katherine became very involved with the woman suffrage movement and supported the National Woman's Party. On November 10, 1917, she was arrested and, after refusing to pay a fine, sentenced to prison in the Occoquan Workhouse. During this time, she and many others challenged the notion of inequality through participation in hunger strikes. After women won the right to vote, Katherine campaigned for Anne Martin, a candidate for the United States Senate from Nevada. She then seems to disappear from the historical record. Kenisco Cemetery ​ 273 Lakeview Avenue, Valhalla, NY 10595 Westchester County Learn More

Charlotte Burroughs Ray (1813–1891) Charlotte was a dedicated suffragist and church woman. She wholeheartedly dedicated her life to advocating on behalf of a woman's right to vote. Her mission was one that was firmly rooted in Christian theology. The archive is limited in its ability to fully capture the breadth of her contributions to Black women and their liberation. Her faith was of great importance to her and served as a prime motivator to her activism. Charlotte was a member of the American Equal Rights Association (AERA) founded in 1866. Their mission was to secure equal rights---especially the right of suffrage. Her daughter, Charlotte E. Ray, was the first female African-American lawyer in the United States. Cypress Hills Cemetery Possibly Section 2 833 Jamaica Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11208 Kings County Learn More

Lorinda Moore Bedortha (1809–1875) Lorinda was a speaker at the first New York state women's convention held in Congress Hall, Saratoga Springs, NY, and served as the Superintendent of Women's Studies at Oberlin College. Her husband was the proprietor of a water cure and hotel, called Congress Hall. Lorinda was born in Fredonia, NY. Greenridge Cemetery Plot D-006 17 Greenridge Place, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866 Saratoga County Learn More

Portia Willis Fitzgerald (1886–1970) Portia was said to be educated, beautiful, well connected and daring--making her participation in suffrage publicity events fodder for press coverage. Her father was distinguished for his Civil War record and later became a member of the U.S. House of Representatives. Her mother was a prominent socialite. The press dubbed her "The Prettiest Suffragette in New York State.” Portia was deeply involved in the New York State suffrage involvement from 1911 to 1917. In 1911, she and five other suffragists (including Harriet May Mills of Syracuse, President of the New York State Women’s Suffrage League) conducted a fourteen county tour of the state to organize local suffrage clubs as branches of the state’s organization. Portia was the youngest of the group. In the following years she extended her lecture tour to New Jersey, Washington, DC, and Massachusetts. In addition to her lectures, she participated in other highly visible events. She worked with the New York State Suffrage Association to organize an aviation rally and parade in Hempstead, New York. Nearly 200 women and eight men participated. She encouraged the young participants to demonstrate their courage by taking a ride in a bi-plane piloted by a female suffrage aviator, Ruth Law. In 1914, she drove an elephant carrying a Suffrage Plank at the head of a parade leading up to the Republican Convention in Chicago, IL. That same year, she was the Grand Marshal of the Women’s Peace Parade, which was a World War I anti-war protest. After the passage of the 19th Amendment, Portia continued to demonstrate her commitment to civic engagement. She was an advocate for the League of Nations as a member of the Women's Pro-League Council. She helped to found and manage the Greater New York branch of the League of Nations Association. She chaired the United Nations Round Table from 1950-53, where she served with Eleanor Roosevelt. Portia's name was entered into New York State's suffrage honor roll in 1931. Woodlawn Cemetery Lot W 5162, Section 65 (Poplar) 4199 Webster Avenue, Bronx, NY 10470 Bronx County Learn More