Catherine Mary Douge Hicks Williams (1832-1884) Catherine Mary was born in Albany, NY to activist parents, Susan and Michael Douge, who were dedicated to improving the status for the African Americans in their community. Catherine, also referred to as Mary, followed their example. After completing her education, she taught at the Wilburforce School for African American children. At a young age Mary lost her husband (Henry Hicks) and first child to illnesses. She herself contracted tuberculosis but continued to serve others. After the Civil War she spent several years teaching formerly enslaved adults and children in Virginia and South Carolina. Returning to Albany, Mary, now remarried to Andrew Williams, became involved in the suffrage movement. When NY passed the School Suffrage Law in 1880, she and her mother worked to have women of color register to vote. They proudly voted in the school commissioner election in April of that year. Mary was elected Vice President of the Albany Woman Suffrage Society. It was one of the few organizations that did not separate women of color from white. Mary addressed the statewide Woman Suffrage Convention in October, 1881. Her contributions to equality and social justice were noted in her obituary. Mary is included (under the name C. Mary Williams) in the 1998 book "Refusing Ignorance; The Struggle to Educate Black Children in Albany, New York 1816-1873" by Marian I. Hughes. Albany Rural Cemetery Sec. 99 Lot 3 123-125 Menand Road, Menands, NY 12211 Albany County Learn More

Charlotte Strachan Baldridge (1850–1931) Along with the Geneva and Ontario County Political Equality Clubs, Charlotte was active in the Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU). Connections between the temperance and suffrage movements were common and the liquor industry feared women’s votes would hurt their business. For Charlotte and many of her peers who were already active within the community supporting issues like education, health care, and the arts, the right to vote was part of civic engagement. Charlotte was President of the Ontario County Political Equity Club. She advocated for tax-paying women to exercise the right of franchise in certain cases, which is documented in a letter to her on official stationery by Governor B. B. Odell. Glenwood Cemetery ​ 1000 Lochland Road, Geneva, NY 14456 Ontario County Learn More

Margaret Livingston Chanler Aldrich (1870–1963) Margaret became president of the Woman's Municipal League. She founded the Churchwoman's Club, a suffrage club; headed the Law Enforcement League, and was treasurer for the Woman's Suffrage Party in New York. In 1917, she was elected president of the Protestant Episcopal Women's Suffrage Association. When she met Susan B. Anthony, she asked her advice for a suffrage speaking engagement in Albany. Anthony told her, "Always address the farthest man on the farthest bench. Some of those in between are agreeing with you." She is noted as one of Carrie Chapman Catt's capable officials in the campaign for suffrage in New York State. Trinity Church Cemetery ​ 770 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032 New York County Learn More

Rosalie Gardiner Jones (1883–1978) Rosalie was an Oyster Bay socialite and suffragist known as "General Jones." She exemplified both her ideology of doing the work and leading her "soldiers of the suffragette movement" by organizing numerous women marches and individual efforts to raise awareness on women's voting issues. Her suffrage marches and wagon trips included a protest march from New York City to Albany, another through Ohio, numerous tours through Long Island in a yellow "Votes for Women" wagon, and a New York to Boston wagon trip and march. General Jones's most publicized march—from New York City to Washington, D.C.—ended on March 3, 1913, the day before the inauguration of President Woodrow Wilson. Her small band of suffrage "Pilgrims" joined the "Women's Rights Procession," which included 9 bands and 26 floats, and at least 5,000 marchers parading down Pennsylvania Avenue, led by women from countries that had enacted woman suffrage. This protest is not only known as the most effective demonstration for women's voting but also was instrumental in shifting the debate into a national issue, one that would need to be resolved by a constitutional amendment rather than state referenda. *courtesy alexanderstreet.com St. John Espiscopal Church Ashes scattered outside mother's tomb, hillside cemetery above the church. Route 25A Laurel Hollow, Syosset, NY 11724 Suffolk County Learn More

Emeline Smith Hicks (1816–1903) As a member of the Rensselaer County Woman’s Christian Temperance Union, Emeline Hicks took on several leadership roles and served as president of her local Lansingburgh union. Her temperance work connected her to the suffrage movement with many activists devoted to both issues, and Emeline is listed as president of the New York Woman Suffrage Association’s Lansingburgh club in a report dated 1894. In 1896, as a widow in her 80s, Emeline lacked the resources to make a monetary contribution, so she chose to sew a quilt and donate it to the association. She requested that the quilt be given directly to Susan B. Anthony to help raise money for the cause. In the letter that accompanied the quilt, Emeline wrote: “I hope that showers of blessings may rest upon the quilt in its meanderings to and fro, and that it bless you with a handsome sum for helping lift the burden from the State Suffrage association. When its meanderings are over, and it is nestled quietly in its own home, I would like to know the result.” June 13, 1903 Th[e] Matron of the Home for the Friendless, Lansingburg, N.Y. Dear Friend,– I had a letter addressed to Mrs. Emeline S. Hicks returned to me today saying she was dead. I send it to you that you may see that I always thought a great deal of her. She was faithful to the cause of Woman Suffrage. She frequently wrote me letters, and a few years ago made a quilt that was struck off for $60 or $70, to help the cause. If you would write a word with regard to her I would be greatly obliged to you. Sincerely Yours, Susan B. Anthony Oakwood Cemetery Section F, Lot 142, Grave 2 50 101st Street, Troy, NY, 12182 Rensselaer County Learn More

Lula May Loomis (1883–1948) Lula May was born in Port Leyden, where she lived her entire life. There she married J. Clark Loomis in 1905, and continued to be active in several community organizations. She was a member of the Port Leyden Woman’s Suffrage Club, often hosting meetings in her home. In 1915, the club proposed starting a “melting pot” for the suffrage cause, encouraging members to donate odd pieces of gold, silver, or other metals. If you know more about Lula May, you can help us tell her story. Please use our Add a Suffragist form to submit your information. Port Leyden Cemetery ​ Pearl Street, Port Leyden, NY 13433 Lewis County Learn More

Marion I. (Dot) Parkhurst (1885–1975) Born in Plattsburgh, NY, Marian Inman Parkhurst, always known as “Dot,” appears in the Clinton County Suffrage History in early 1914 as corresponding secretary of the Clinton County Equal Suffrage Club. Her role in the movement was, among other things, to provide articles for the Plattsburgh Daily Press. These articles attacked the anti-suffragists and drew attention to the writings of the famous Alice Duer Miller and included Miller’s piece on "Why women should not travel on trains." In October of the 1915, Dot marched as a star in the “living flag” during the suffragist parade in New York City. In December of 1915, she and longtime County suffrage supporter Helen Boomhower attended the annual convention of the New York State Women’s Suffrage Association. Dot went on to become the first female head of the Balance of Supply Division for the War Department in Washington. In 1918 she was involved with the Women’s Division of the Republican National Committee. In 1920 she toured abroad studying economic conditions of women and returned to become a Washington lobbyist for the Bill for Education and Child Labor. In 1924 she was President of the New York State Women’s Federated Clubs, Congressional secretary for the National Committee for a Department of Education, and Congressional secretary for the League of Women Voters. An admirer of Carrie Chapman Catt, Dot was known to quote one of Catt’s favorite slogans, “And I wouldn’t subscribe to that." Later Dot’s niece Bea remembered that shortly after World War I, she and Aunt Dot attended a Thanksgiving dinner at Catt’s New Rochelle home where many of the leading feminists were present. Catt later came to Plattsburgh to appoint her Marian ("Dot") as President of the Clinton County League of Women Voters. Riverside Cemetery ​ 30 Steltzer Road, Plattsburgh, NY 12901 Clinton County Learn More

Edith Mary Ainge (1873–1948) Edith was an American suffragist and a Silent Sentinel, the title given to the women because of their silent protesting. She joined the National Woman's Party (NWP) led by Alice Paul, aiming to get the 19th Amendment ratified. From September 1917 to January 1919, she was arrested approximately five times for unlawful assembly at NWP protests. Edith worked for the movement to gain suffrage in New York state in 1915. She spearheaded participation in The Torch of Liberty event where suffragists from New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, organized events to gather more participation and awareness about the cause, and to raise funding for the suffragist movement and for the political rallies. With suffrage in New York secured, Edith rallied for national voting rights for women. On November 10, 1917, she and Eleanor Calnan were two of 33 suffragists arrested after stationing themselves in peaceful protest in front of the White House in Washington, D.C. They carried a sign that read, "How Long Must Woman Be Denied a Voice in a Government Which is Conscripting Their Sons?" Edith and other suffragists were sentenced to 60 days in jail at the Occoquan Workhouse in Lorton, Virginia, for Unlawful Assembly. She was given solitary confinement while others endured torture. The event has been named the Night of Terror. On August 15, 1918 at the Watch Fire Demonstrations in Lafayette Square, members of the NWP burned copies of President Woodrow Wilsons speeches in urns. Edith was the first to light her urn. Lake View Cemetery Sect LLA, Lot 9, Row SP, Grave 4NE 907 Lakeview Avenue, Jamestown, NY 14701 Chautauqua County Learn More

Marie Regula Saul Jenney (1842–1922) Marie was born in Syracuse and lived there for the majority of her years. She is viewed as an early leader and pioneer of the women's movement(s) in the area. She served as President of the Political Equity Club, Women's Democratic Club and the Onondaga County Suffrage Association. In 1906 as a leader of the Kanatendah Club, she hosted the New York State Women's Suffrage Association Convention. In 1912, Marie joined in the first suffrage march in New York City. When Marie stepped away from some of work within the numerous organizations she was a member of, leaders would come to her for advice. Marie Jenney was the mother of two daughters, Miss Julie R. Jenney and Mrs. Frederic C. Howe, who followed in her footsteps. Oakwood Cemetery Section 27, Plot 55 940 Comstock Avenue, Syracuse, NY 13210 Onondaga County Learn More

Eva Gillam Emmons (1853–1939) Born in Port Byron, NY, Eva was the mother of two biological children and one foster child. A founding member of the Pittsford Political Equality Club, she lived at 10 North Main Street where she and her husband ran a thriving greenhouse business. Eva exemplified the civic engagement that was a part of many suffragists’ lives. In addition to working to win women the right to vote, among other interests, Eva was also an active member of the Cheerful Workers of the King’s Daughters, an organization that supported homes for aging women and was founded on the principle of service to others. Its motto was “Look up, not down; Look forward, not back; Look out, not in; Lend a hand.” In addition Eva was a member of the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union, one of the first organizations of women devoted to social reform with a program that “linked the religious and the secular through concerted and far-reaching reform strategies based on applied Christianity.” Eva served as Treasurer. And she was involved in Pittsford Grange, which focused on the economic and political well-being of agricultural communities. In 1902 the Pittsford Grange No. 424 installed new officers, which included five women. The Grange was an unusual fraternal organization because it allowed women to be members and to hold office. (courtesy of www.townofpittsford.org/19thAcentennial) Pittsford Cemetery A 107 38 Washington Road, Pittsford, NY 14534 Monroe County Learn More

Violet Westcott Morawetz (1878–1918) From 1911-1918, Violet worked on organizing and fundraising for suffrage. Violet attended the Empire State Campaign Committee for suffrage at the annual convention held from November 30 - December 2, 1916. The New York State Campaign was consolidated under the State Woman Suffrage Party and Violet was on the Executive Committee. She also served on the Entertainment and Education Committee for the National Woman's Suffrage Party. At the State Departmental Work for the National American Convention of 1917, Violet was appointed a Speaker in War Time and Chairman of the speaker's bureau. In February of 1917, Violet held a suffrage experience meeting at the Cosmopolitan Club in New York City with educational lectures that was attended by both supporters and anti-suffragists. After the United States entered World War I, the suffrage movement worked to support the war effort. Violet was on the special committee appointed by the New York City Chairman through the New York State Senate for those enlistment efforts. As a result, in March 1917 the headquarters of the Woman's Suffrage Party on Livingston Street, Brooklyn, New York became an enlistment station, which she helped organize. Oakwood Cemetery Section 13, Plot 55 940 Comstock Avenue, Syracuse, NY 13210 Onondaga County Learn More

Julia Ann Wilbur (1815–1895) Before the Civil War, Julia spent more time in abolition than woman's rights activities, although always strongly supported economic, social, and political rights for women. In 1869, she planned with five other women to register to vote in local elections in Washington. They presented a letter to election judges that read, in part, "We know that it is unusual for those of our sex to make such a request. We do so because we believe ourselves entitled to the franchise." Although the judges refused the request, their effort was covered in the press. A book about her: ”A Civil Life in an Uncivil Time: Julia Wilbur's Struggle for Purpose" by Paula Whitacre 2017. Avon Cemetery https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/53277938/julia-ann-wilbur 142 Rochester Street, Avon, NY 14414 Livingston County Learn More

Hannah I. Talcott Howland (1808–1867) Hannah was born and raised in a Quaker family in Sherwood, NY and is best recognized for her work as an abolitionist. The home she shared with her husband, Slocum, was a well documented safe house on the Underground Railroad. Former slaves were provided safe passage to Canada. After the war ended, Hannah and Slocum sold land to former slaves, helping several families settle in their community. Her example supported her own children's notable achievements in the area of abolition and suffrage. Howland Cemetery ​ Sherwood Road (42A), Aurora, NY 13206 Cayuga County Learn More

Eleanor Vincent (1806–1886) Two years prior to the Seneca Falls convention, six women petitioned the New York State Constitutional Convention to grant women their God-given equal rights. Eleanor was one of those women. A 1997 publication by the University of Chicago Press, "1846 Petition for Women's Suffrage, New York State Constitutional Convention," provides the details that follow. "These women were neither prominent nor wealthy. Their level of education is unknown. Eleanor Vincent had ten children. Lydia Williams was married with five children. Susan Ormsby never married and lived with Lydia Osborn. Amy Ormsby was Susan's sister-in-law. Anna Bishop immigrated to the area from Connecticut and was about 56 years old. Their petition was simple and eloquent. They were seeking "rights which have been ungenerously been withheld from them, rights which they as citizens of the state of New York may reasonably and rightfully claim." Old Depauville Cemetery ​ NY-12, Depauville, NY 13656 Jefferson County Learn More

Huldah Mary Loomis (1886–1976) Huldah was born at Locust Grove, near Port Leyden, NY. She attended Syracuse University for 2 years and graduated from the University of Wisconsin. Later, she trained at the Cornell School of Nursing in New York City, eventually being employed as a registered private nurse. Huldah was very involved in the suffrage movement, serving as President of the local Equal Franchise League and a leader of the Port Leyden Woman’s Suffrage Club. She spoke at the Lewis County Suffrage Convention in 1915, providing a report on the club’s work. Locust Grove Cemetery ​ Route 12D, Port Leyden, NY 13433 Lewis County Learn More

Mabel Rosalie Barrow Edge (1877–1962) Born Mabel Rosalie Edge, she preferred "Rosalie". She was a socialite who committed her life to activism, becoming an influential environmental advocate. Rosalie was the daughter of Harriet Bowen Woodward and John Wylie Barrow, a wealthy British importer and accountant who was a first cousin to Charles Dickens. After marrying Charles Noel Edge, a British civil engineer, in 1909, she spent several years traveling throughout Asia. In 1915, after settling in New York, Rosalie joined the Equal Franchise Society, an organization founded by women of wealth to channel energies of the upper class into social activism. Rosalie became involved in the movement for women's voting rights, giving speeches and writing pro-suffrage pamphlets. In 1916, she was elected as the secretary-treasurer of the New York State Woman Suffrage Party under the leadership of Carrie Chapman Catt. In the 1920s, Rosalie turned her focus to environmental conservation, eventually establishing the Hawk Mountain Sanctuary. The Rosalie Edge Society is named for their founder who is considered one of the most important conservationists of the 20th Century. Woodlawn Cemetery ​ 93 Union Avenue (County Road 69), New Windsor, NY Orange County Learn More

Grace Niebuhr Kimball, MD (1855–1942) A missionary and humanitarian with the American Medical Missionaries during the persecution of Armenians during the Hamidian Massacre in Turkey, Grace arrived at Vassar College in 1896 to serve as assistant physician. She left after four years. In addition to her private practice, Grace was the head of the Poughkeepsie YWCA for 41 years. In 1917, as part of the YWCA, she was involved in the creation of the local "League for Women's Service” that supported the war effort. She was the only woman in the state to lead a county's Military Census. She was a member of the Dutchess County Defense Council. In 1909, Grace attended a pro-suffrage meeting in Poughkeepsie and emerged as a visible leader as reported in the Poughkeepsie Eagle News. Poughkeepsie Rural Cemetery Section E 342 South Avenue, Poughkeepsie, NY 12601 Dutchess County Learn More

Maud Malone (1873–1951) Maud was an ardent believer in equal rights and is best known for her aggressive campaign tactics. In 1905, she organized the Harlem Equal Rights League. She believed in interrupting speakers by yelling “what about votes for women?” At one point, Maud was arrested and spent a night in jail for heckling President Woodrow Wilson during one of his speeches. She also advocated for provocative street corner speeches, which others rejected as inappropriate. Maud was a member of the Progressive Woman Suffrage Union, but resigned over their unwillingness to embrace members from all races, colors, or creeds. Maud Malone worked for the New York Public Library and was a founding member and spokesperson of the Library Employees' Union. Her ongoing advocacy for “equal pay for equal work” irritated the public library management, so they dismissed her from her job. Later in life she worked as librarian for the newspaper The Daily Worker. Calvary Cemetery ​ 49-02 Laurel Hill Boulevard, Woodside, NY 11377-7396 Queens County Learn More

Mary Otis Gay Wilcox (1861–1933) Mary was Borough Chairman for Staten Island (then referred to as Richmond) of the City Party led by Carrie Chapman Catt in 1915, when the suffrage amendment appeared on the New York State ballot. As part of that campaign, according to a 1915 New York Tribune article, she and Mrs. James Lees Laidlaw led a feminine column of representatives from New York City, through Binghamton, to Rochester for the final Suffrage Party convention before the 1915 ballot initiative. The City Party organized mass meetings, canvassed homes and businesses, and attempted to reach nearly 600,000 voters, ultimately enrolling 60,000 new members to the Party. Mary lectured broadly on women's suffrage, for example, the New York Age reports to an African Methodist Episcopal congregation in Bayonne, NJ. By 1919 Mary became active in the League of Women Voters, the independent, non-partisan group aimed at enhancing women's political power, educating voters, and constraining partisan corruption. She chaired the League's Richmond chapter. *courtesy alexanderstreet.com Moravian Cemetery ​ 2205 Richmond Road, New Dorp, NY 10306 Richmond County Learn More

Elizabeth Oakes Prince Smith (1806–1893) Elizabeth was a poet, fiction writer and women's rights activist. Born in Maine, Elizabeth had dreams of attending college and starting a school. Under pressure from her mother, she married young. Her husband was a publisher who supported her writing career. In 1850, Elizabeth attended the National Women's Rights Convention in Worcester. This motivated her to leave fiction writing for essays on women's need for economic opportunity, higher education and voting. Her work was published in Horace Greeley's New York Tribune. Elizabeth was a candidate for president of the National Women's Rights Association at their 1852 convention in Syracuse. Her selection was opposed when she appeared in a dress showing her neck and bare arms. Elizabeth continued to attend conventions, write and lecture in the following years. Interest in her work waned after her death but saw a resurgence in the 1970s as advocacy for women's rights welcomed new generations. Lakeview Cemetery ​ 270–242 W Main Street (Montauk Highway), Patchogue, NY 11772 Suffolk County Learn More